{"id":6431,"date":"2025-04-25T08:48:34","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T05:48:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/?p=6431"},"modified":"2025-04-25T08:48:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T05:48:34","slug":"%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%82-%ce%bb%ce%ad%ce%b5%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae%ce%bc%ce%b7-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b1-%cf%85%cf%80%ce%b5%cf%81-%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b5%ce%be%ce%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/?p=6431","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1: \u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03cd;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u2026<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0386\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mheretakis\"><mark>\u039c\u03b9\u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03a7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2; \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1; \u0391\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c2: \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf \u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03af \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u201c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u201d \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 (Monteiro et al., 2019), \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. \u201c\u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u201d \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u201c\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u201d. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 80\u00b0C, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u201c\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2\u201d. \u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 (pH) \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd (Leistner &amp; Gould, 2012)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd (Beuchat et al., 2013)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd (Carocho et al., 2014)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u201c\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u201d \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd (Singh &amp; Shalini, 2016)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0392\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bb\u03af\u03c0\u03b7 (Otles &amp; Cagindi, 2012)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bc\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 (Haralampu, 2000)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (Leffingwell, 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 (Small &amp; DiFeliceantonio, 2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0392\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1: \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 80% \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (R\u00e9m\u00e9sy et al., 2015; Reddy &amp; Love, 1999)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd: \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 (Fardet, 2016; Boileau et al., 2018)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 (Zin\u00f6cker &amp; Lindseth, 2018; Chassaing et al., 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u03a7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 90% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 (Nicoli et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (Ludwig et al., 2018; Augustin et al., 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u201c\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u201d \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039d\u03b1\u03b9! \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (Dwivedi et al., 2019):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af, \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. \u0396\u03cd\u03bc\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03af\u03c1) , \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03b1, \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03be\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf , \u0391\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 , \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. \u0391\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 , \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u2013 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc, \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (Mandal &amp; Mandal, 2011). \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae (McHugh &amp; Senesi, 2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc (Schnabel et al., 2023) \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 Scrinis (2020) \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u201c\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u201d \u2013 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u2013 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf. \u03a9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03c3\u03cd;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Augustin, L.S.A., et al. (2015). Glycemic index, glycemic load and glycemic response: An International Scientific Consensus Summit. Nutrition, Metabolism &amp; Cardiovascular Diseases, 25(9), 795-815.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Beuchat, L.R., et al. (2013). Water activity: Theory and applications to food. IFT Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Boileau, A., Fry, J.C., &amp; Murray, B.S. (2018). Effect of manufacturing process on the bioavailability of antioxidants in processed foods. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 55(<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\ud83d\ude0e\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/t83\/1\/16\/1f60e.png\">, 3278-3292.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. Carocho, M., et al. (2014). Adding molecules to food, pros and cons: A review on synthetic and natural food additives. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(4), 377-399.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5. Chassaing, B., et al. (2015). Dietary emulsifiers impact the mouse gut microbiota promoting colitis and metabolic syndrome. Nature, 519(7541), 92-96.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6. Dwivedi, S., et al. (2019). Traditional processing impacts quality and biological attributes of functional foods. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56(3), 1069-1080.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7. Fardet, A. (2016). Minimally processed foods are more satiating and less hyperglycemic than ultra-processed foods: a preliminary study with 98 ready-to-eat foods. Food &amp; Function, 7(5), 2338-2346.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">8. Haralampu, S.G. (2000). Resistant starch\u2014a review of the physical properties and biological impact of RS3. Carbohydrate Polymers, 41(3), 285-292.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">9. Leistner, L., &amp; Gould, G.W. (2012). Hurdle technologies: Combination treatments for food stability, safety and quality. Springer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">10. Leffingwell, J.C. (2015). Flavor-food interactions. Food Technology, 21-32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">11. Ludwig, D.S., et al. (2018). Dietary carbohydrates: role of quality and quantity in chronic disease. BMJ, 361, k2340.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">12. Mandal, M.D., &amp; Mandal, S. (2011). Honey: its medicinal property and antibacterial activity. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(2), 154-160.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">13. McHugh, T., &amp; Senesi, E. (2000). Apple wraps: A novel method to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of fresh\u2010cut apples. Journal of Food Science, 65(3), 480-485.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">14. Monteiro, C.A., et al. (2019). Ultra-processed foods: what they are and how to identify them. Public Health Nutrition, 22(5), 936-941.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">15. Nicoli, M.C., Anese, M., &amp; Parpinel, M. (2012). Influence of processing on the antioxidant properties of fruit and vegetables. Trends in Food Science &amp; Technology, 10(3), 94-100.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">16. Otles, S., &amp; Cagindi, O. (2012). Safety considerations of food ingredients. Ensuring Global Food Safety, 57-70.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">17. Reddy, M.B., &amp; Love, M. (1999). The impact of food processing on the nutritional quality of vitamins and minerals. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 459, 99-106.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">18. R\u00e9m\u00e9sy, C., Leenhardt, F., &amp; Fardet, A. (2015). Donner un nouvel avenir au pain dans le cadre d\u2019une alimentation durable et pr\u00e9ventive. Cahiers de Nutrition et de Di\u00e9t\u00e9tique, 50(1), 39-46.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">19. Schnabel, L., et al. (2023). Association between ultraprocessed food consumption and risk of multimorbidity of cancer, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. British Medical Journal, 381, e075201.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">20. Scrinis, G. (2020). Ultra-processed foods and the corporate capture of nutrition. BMJ, 371, m4601.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">21. Singh, S., &amp; Shalini, R. (2016). Effect of hurdle technology in food preservation: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56(4), 641-649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">22. Small, D.M., &amp; DiFeliceantonio, A.G. (2019). Processed foods and food reward. Science, 363(6425), 346-347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">23. Zhang, Z., et al. (2019). Effect of mechanical, microwave, and ultrasonic processing on the stability of folate in strawberry juice. Journal of Food Science, 84(6), 1297-1305.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">24. Zin\u00f6cker, M.K., &amp; Lindseth, I.A. (2018). The Western diet\u2013microbiome-host interaction and its role in metabolic disease. Nutrients, 10(3), 365.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/ellinikiafipnisis.com\/\">https:\/\/ellinikiafipnisis.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u2026 \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6431"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6433,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions\/6433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudensxolion.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}